Artificial Inteligence
The centre’s research project on Artificial Intelligence (AI) pursues synthesising machine learning research with philosophical expositions related to AI.
Read moreThe centre’s research activities fall into three categories comprising artificial intelligence, security order, and radicalisation together conceived as present manifestations of future challenges
The centre’s research project on Artificial Intelligence (AI) pursues synthesising machine learning research with philosophical expositions related to AI.
Read moreThe centre’s research project on security order aims to ascertain impacts of recent technological innovations on the social realm in connections to security governance and management.
Read moreThe centre’s research project on radicalisation focuses on the micro-dynamic of violence in general and radicalization in particular.
Read moreRead our research on artificial intelligence, security order, and radicalisation
The disjunction effect introduced in the famous study by Shafir and Tversky (1992) and confirmed in subsequent studies remains one of the key "anomalies" for the standard model of the Prisoner's Dilemma game. In the last 10 years, a new approach has appeared that explains this effect using quantum probability theory. However, the existing results do not allow for a parameter-free test of these models. This article develops a simple quantum model of the Prisoner's Dilemma game as well as a new experimental design that enables one to test the predictions of this model. The results show the viability of the quantum model and a substantial difference between women's and men's representations of the game.
DetailSocial norms can be understood as the grammar of social interaction. Like grammar in speech, they specify what is acceptable in a given context (Bicchieri in The grammar of society: the nature and dynamics of social norms, Cambridge University Press, New York, 2006). But what are the specific rules that direct human compliance with the norm? This paper presents a quantitative model of self- and the other-perspective interaction based on a ‘quantum model of decision-making’, which can explain some of the ‘fallacies’ of the classical model of strategic choice. By (re)connecting two fields of social science research—norms compliance, and strategic decision-making—we aim to show how the novel quantum approach to the later can advance our understanding of the former. From the cacophony of different quantum models, we distill the minimal structure necessary to account for the known dynamics between the expectations and decisions of an actor. This model was designed for the strategic interaction of two players and successfully tested in the case of the one-shot Prisoners’ Dilemma game. Quantum models offer a new conceptual framework for examining the interaction between self- and other-perspective in the process of social interaction which enables us to specify how social norms influence individual behavior.
DetailOuter space is a congested strategic domain. The issue of space debris mitigation is one of the key issues of safe space traffic. However, active debris removal (ADR) systems may raise concerns about their dual-use capabilities. In this article, the authors have analyzed the ADR systems focusing on their potential as space weapons. The article concludes that ADR systems can be utilized for harmful purposes, although with limited impact. This limited potential of ADR systems to become antisatellite weapons allow for the development of such systems keeping in place basic confidence and trust building measures. The authors believe the further commercialization of space sector could enhance the space debris mitigation efforts.
DetailThis chapter draws a parallel between past defense pacts and a possible future planetary defense treaty regulating NEO deflection. Drafting a planetary defense treaty is compared to creating a defense pact. The data concerning the defense pacts offer insights in regard to the following questions: firstly, when it is the right time to establish legal framework for international cooperation; secondly, how to ensure that all the participating nations will contribute the same efforts and resources to the common defense project; thirdly, how the decision making should be regulated; and fourthly, how to safeguard that the outcomes of the project, e.g. in the form of advanced military technology, shall not be misused for the benefit of leading nation(s) and for the detriment of others. The chapter quantitatively investigates selected defense pacts concluded among nations between 1815 and 2003 and qualitatively examines five current defense pacts. It first evaluates the correlation between threat proximity and pact conclusion. The chapter then inquires what the actual wording of five current pacts is, i.e. whether it intends to prescribe same contributions of participants (freeriding prevention), whether it prohibits misusing the cooperation (abuse prevention) and how it regulates common capabilities development and decision-making.
DetailDisengagement from militant groups has often been related to individual level explanations like battle fatigue or desire to re-join family and friends. We seek to empirically examine which other factors, beyond individual level determinants, influenced disengagement processes among militants belonging to different types of Chechen militant organisations.
DetailSocial norms can be understood as the grammar of social interaction. Like grammar in speech, they specify what is acceptable in a given context. But what are the specific rules that direct human compliance with the norm? This paper presents a quantitative model of self- and the other-perspective interaction based on a ‘quantum model of decision-making,’ which can explain some of the ‘fallacies’ of the classical model of strategic choice.
DetailThe debate on and around “killer robots” has been firmly established at the crossroads of ethical, legal, political, strategic, and scientific discourses. Flourishing at the two opposite poles, with a few contributors caught in the middle, the polemic still falls short of a detailed, balanced, and systematic analysis. It is for these reasons that we focus on the nitty-gritties, multiple pros and cons, and implications of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) for the prospects of the international order.
DetailThe present paper shows how statistical learning theory and machine learning models can be used to enhance understanding of AI-related epistemological issues regarding inductive reasoning and reliability of generalisations.
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